Influence of ω-6/ω-3 rich dietary oils on lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes in normal and stressed rats

To evaluate the influence of ω-6/ω-3 poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing oils on lipid profile and endogenous antioxidant enzymes in normal and stressed (immobilization) rats, 28 day old male Wistar rats were fed for 45 days with fat enriched special diet (10% fat) prepared with sunflower oil (SO)  ω-6 rich, mustard oil (MO)  ω-3 rich and groundnut oil  control respectively. SO treated normal rats have significantly reduced total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein – cholesterol (HDL-C) and catalase thereby significantly increased the atherogenic index (AI) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). However, treatment with MO increased superoxide dismutase; decreased LPO significantly. Under stress conditions AI and LPO were significantly high with SO and significantly less with MO. In addition, SO decreased HDL-C whereas MO decreased non-HDL-C significantly. Results suggest a protective role against AI and LPO in normal and stress conditions in MO. The quantity of ω-3 fatty acids in dietary oil may play a crucial role in the body against atherogenicity. The findings signify that not just PUFA, but type of PUFA present in dietary oil used is important.